Apple (Malus pumila Mill.), Rosaceae apple deciduous tree plant, stem is high, twigs short and thick, cylindrical; leaves oval, smooth surface, edges with serrations, thick petioles; flowers are small umbrella-shaped, pale pink, surface hairy; fruit is large, flattened spherical, short and thick peduncle; flowering period is May; fruit period July ~ October. The name of the apple was first found in Wang Shimao's "Xuepu Yushu" in the Ming Dynasty: "The apple of the northern soil, that is, the change of the flower bonus." ”
Apples are native to central Europe, northern Iran, southern Caucasus in Russia, and China is mainly distributed in Xinjiang and Ningxia, generally growing in hillside terraces, plain mines and hills. Apples are light-loving, hardy, require cooler and dry climates, are not barren and thin, and are suitable for loose soil, deep and fertile, well-drained neutral or slightly acidic sandy loams. The propagation methods include tuber method, grafting method, sowing method, cuttings method, and the natural reproduction method is dispersed by seeds, of which grafting propagation is the fastest.
"Southern Yunnan Materia Medica" records that "apples give birth to jinjin, moisturize the lungs, relieve heat, appetize, sober up, and cure muscle and bone pain." Apple is a nutritious fruit, known as the king of fruits, Western traditional dietary concept that an apple a day does not need to see a doctor, many Americans also take apples as a necessary product for weight loss, diet one day a week, this day only eat apples, known as apple day. The apple fruit is large and beautiful, and the hanging time is long, which can be made into a bonsai for room appreciation; Parks, green spaces or courtyards are often planted on the side of the road to watch; When ripe, the fruit can be eaten raw, processed into jams, preserved fruits, dried fruits or canned food, and can also be used in winemaking.
