Gardening
Before planting the land, in the previous autumn, digging a depth and width of 80cm planting ditch, under the full organic fertilizer, with balanced compound fertilizer and living soil Jun compound fungicide, and then fill the soil, hit the border, irrigation ditch, mulching film to preserve moisture.
Spring selection of 80cm above 1 year old autumn pear seedlings for planting, row spacing 4m × 1m, in order to improve the fruitfulness, need to match the pollination tree, such as round yellow, yellow crown, etc., the main varieties and pollination varieties mastered in the ratio of 5 ~ 8 : 1.
Shaping and pruning
Set the stem before sprouting, the height of 0.5~0.6m is appropriate. Selected east and west direction of the main branches, for the "V" shape tree, with cloth tied to two neighboring ridge frame slope, winter pruning of each main branch for light shortening.
In the spring of the second year, carve buds to promote branching, carve buds out of the small branches with a cloth uniform traction tied on both sides of the main branch; growth period through the plucking, twisting, take branches and other means to promote the reproductive growth, the dormant period of the overcrowded branches, competing branches and overlapping branches, in order to balance the tree.
In the third year, the tree skeleton is basically established, according to the space of the fruiting branches evenly tied to the two sides of the wire to be fixed, according to the number of branches on the surface of the V-shaped frame to remove and retract the excess fruiting branches.
In the fourth year, pruning to thinning and retraction of the main, after the formation of V-shaped double trunk were about 2.8m, vertical tree height of about 2.2m. Fruiting branches after 3 years of continuous fruit retraction and renewal, with the lower strong development branches pulled down to use as fruiting branches.
Soil, fertilizer and water management
Soil management: adopt the way of grass and mulching, plant clover, alfalfa and other green manure crops between rows, mow the green manure crops when they reach 30~40cm high, mow 2~4 times a year, each time leave the stubble height of 10cm, mow the grass mulch in the tree pan to improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, regulate the microclimate environment in the field and maintain soil and water.
Fertilizer management: autumn fertilizer, mainly organic fertilizer, with balanced compound fertilizer, trace element fertilizer and live soil Jun biofungus fertilizer, open ditch or sprinkle. Fertilizer three times a year, sprouting fertilizer, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, with the drenching of the Sea Elf biostimulant; post-flowering fertilizer, mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, with boron, magnesium, zinc and other trace elements, can be sprayed with Sea Elf biostimulant foliar type, in order to improve the rate of fruiting; fruiting fertilizer to phosphorus, potassium, calcium fertilizer is mainly combined with the spraying of the red library of foliar fertilizers, in order to enhance the quality of fruits; the latter can be sprayed with Sea Elf foliar fertilizer in order to improve the content of chlorophyll and delay the bud differentiation, and delayed the fertilization. Promote flower bud differentiation, and delay leaf aging, delay the time of leaf fall.
Water management: water in time after fertilizer. According to the soil moisture, determine the appropriate time and frequency of irrigation, and discharge the water in a timely manner during heavy rain.
Flower and fruit management
Flower thinning: After the buds are extended and before pollination, thin out the center flower and the flower near the center on the same inflorescence, keep the side flower with strong growth, and leave 2~3 flowers on each inflorescence.
Fruit preservation: Artificial pollination should be supplemented in case of rainfall during the flowering period, and spraying Sea Wizard Biostimulant Foliar + Boron Source Bank during the blooming period to improve the fruiting rate.
Fruit thinning: fruit thinning 10~15 days after blossom shedding, thinning out small fruits, crooked fruits, deformed fruits, diseased fruits and tainted fruits, in the same fruiting branch, stay in the middle and upper robust fruits, thinning the base of the fruits.
Bagging: Selection of high-quality outer yellow and black matte cotton paper within the three layers of pear fruit bags, in early May after the fruit set bags to improve the commerciality.
Disease prevention and control
Mainly pear powdery mildew, pear rust, aphids, shellfish, pear small heartworm, pear louse, etc., to pay attention to before and after the flowering and bagging before and after the use of drugs, and combined with agricultural, physical, biological and other control methods.
