First, overview of pear industry
Pear originated in Central Asia and is distributed in China in Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Gansu and other provinces, and is also cultivated in Italy, the United States, Spain, the Soviet Union and France. Pear cold-resistant, drought-resistant, flood-resistant, saline-resistant, well-developed root system, light-loving and temperature-loving, it is advisable to choose deep soil, well-drained gently sloping mountainous terrain planting, especially sandy loamy mountainous terrain is ideal. Pear reproduction is mainly grafting. Pear mainly has snow pear, duck pear, Korla pear, apple pear, golden pear, crown pear, crisp pear and south fruit pear.
Second, the pear industry chain
1, pear industry chain
From the industry chain point of view, the upstream of the pear industry is mainly pear planting, including the planting of fertilizers, seeds and agricultural machinery. The middle reaches are mainly pear acquisition and pear processing industry, processing and consumption is mainly through the processing enterprises will be made of pear juice, pear dry, pear canned, pear jam and pear preserves and other deep processing products to consumers to realize. The downstream of the industry chain is mainly consumers.
2, pear planting area
In terms of medical efficacy, pears can relieve constipation, facilitate digestion, and are good for cardiovascular. Pears also have a therapeutic effect, remove the core of the pear, put rock sugar, steamed and eaten can also relieve cough; in addition to being a fruit to eat, pears can also be used for ornamental purposes. 2021, the national pear planting area of about 921.6 thousand hectares, a decrease of 190.4 thousand hectares compared with 2005.
Third, the current situation of pear industry analysis
1, pear production
Although the planting area of pear is decreasing year by year, but the production is still increasing. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, China's pear production reached 19,265,300 tons in 2022, an increase of 389,400 tons compared with 18,875,900 tons in 2021, a year-on-year increase of 2.1%, an increase of 3.9 percentage points narrower than the previous year.
2, pear production distribution
In 2021, pear production ranked the top six in the country are: Hebei, Xinjiang, Henan, Liaoning, Anhui and Shandong, with production of 3.666 million tons, 1.796 million tons, 1.396 million tons, 1.321 million tons, 1.284 million tons and 1.233 million tons, with a combined production of more than 50%, of which Hebei's production accounted for 19.4%.
3, reclamation system state-owned farms pear production
State farms, that is, state-owned farms, the use of more advanced production technology and equipment, under the guidance of the policy of "one industry for the main, a variety of business", according to local conditions, the implementation of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, vice, fisheries, comprehensive development, agriculture, industry and commerce integrated management. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the output of pears from state-owned farms in China's agricultural reclamation system reached 1.01 million tons in 2021, an increase of 148,000 tons compared with 862,000 tons in 2020, a year-on-year increase of 17.2%.
4、Wholesale price of pear
According to data from the Ministry of Rural Agriculture, the average wholesale price of duck pears in China in July 2023 was RMB 7.28/kg, down by RMB 0.27/kg, and up by RMB 0.45/kg compared with the same period of the previous year. Since the beginning of 2023 to July, the national average wholesale price of duck pear is relatively stable and slightly decreased compared with the same period of the previous year.
5、Pear export situation
China's pear exports are significantly larger than imports, affected by the repeated impact of international epidemics as well as rising shipping costs, weak foreign demand and many other factors, the total volume of fresh pear exports downward trend. 2022 China's pear (HS code: 08083010,08083020,08083090) exports amounted to 444,000 tons, a year-on-year decline of 13%, the amount of exports was 495 million U.S. dollars; the import quantity was 12,200 tons, the import value was 0.27 billion U.S. dollars; January-June 2023 China's pear export quantity was 150,100 tons.
6, pear export destination
From the point of view of export destinations, in 2022, China's pear was mainly exported to Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, Hong Kong, China and Malaysia, with an export volume of 161,000 tons, 92,000 tons, 46,000 tons, 30,000 tons and 26,000 tons, of which Indonesia's export volume accounted for 36.3%.
